This kind of pain is the commonest one, seen in almost 70% of the population due to changes in lifestyle and posture. Trauma to the back or deformity of anatomical structures like intervertebral disc can cause the symptom of pain. Physical activity like lifting weight, walking or turning in bed increases pain. Often the patient has to take medication in order to relieve the severity of pain and perform daily activities. Ankylosing spondylitis is a condition that usually begins as low back pain and progresses gradually over years. Most of the low back pain subsides in a week on treatment and about 90% have good recovery in 8 weeks or so. It can persist in about 10% of patients for more than a year. Not all pains in the back are related to back bone, infective endocarditis can be present as a symptom of backache. Sciatica or radicular pain may be confused with low back pain. Vertebral fracture due to osteoporosis is common, hence patient has to be evaluated systematically. Identification of cause of low backache is the most essential part before ensuing with the treatment.